# Finding the midpoint of a bone for a ragdoll

physics 3d math

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### #1JMab

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Posted 07 January 2012 - 10:02 PM

Hi all,

I'm currently trying to solve the problem of creating a bounding volume (OBB or capsule) in the middle of my bone for ragdoll creation. I suppose it's really just a general maths problem, that my paltry maths skills can't overcome. I have a position (the head of the bone), a rotation (quaternion decomposed from the head's transformation matrix) and a bone length (a scalar).

So what is the maths for finding a position given a starting position, rotation and scalar length? Or in terms of this problem, how do I find the midpoint of a bone?

I'm using C++ and XNAMath by the way.

Searching on the internet, I can see that every sample I've seen just uses either the parent transformation of the current bone, or the first child transformation of the current bone, to calculate the midpoint. I could go that route too, but then there are going to be bones missing out from being in the ragdoll - either the root bone (because it has no parent) or every bone at an extremity (because they have no children). I'm thinking there must be a way to calculate the midpoint of a bone without using it's parent or child???

JMab

### #2Reedbeta

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Posted 08 January 2012 - 01:42 AM

Assuming that the bone extends along the X axis in its local space, couldn't you just create the vector (0.5 * bone_length, 0, 0) and transform to world space using the bone matrix?
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### #3JMab

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Posted 08 January 2012 - 04:06 AM

Yes, got it, thank you.

### #4rouncer

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Posted 08 January 2012 - 04:06 AM

Thats what I was thinking... isnt this really easy? I would have said that exact thing myself but I thought the solution couldnt be that simple...
you used to be able to fit a game on a disk, then you used to be able to fit a game on a cd, then you used to be able to fit a game on a dvd, now you can barely fit one on your harddrive.

### #5JMab

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Posted 08 January 2012 - 05:03 AM

Yes, I sometimes get stuck on the easy stuff. Here's my code, if anyone is as inept at maths as me and needs it:

// Decompose the bone head world matrix.
{
Log::Warn(L"Failed to decompose bone world matrix.");
continue;
}

// Create the mid-point in local space.
XMVECTOR midPoint = XMVectorSet(0.0f, m_Bones[i].HalfLength, 0.0f, 0.0f);

// Transform the mid-point to world space.
midPoint = XMVector3TransformNormal(midPoint, worldMatrix) + boneHeadPosition;

// Construct the bounding volume world matrix.
XMVectorZero(), boneHeadRotation, midPoint);

The ragdoll currently looks like this:

I was thinking of letting the artist define the bone volume "width" and "height" in the 3d editor, however I'm now thinking I should be able to automate this too - I should be able to just to min/max calculations on all of the vertices in each bone's vertex group to calculate the volume. Anyone tried this before, or should I just let the artist define the rest?

### #6Reedbeta

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Posted 08 January 2012 - 05:47 AM

What are you using the bone width and height for? Collision volumes? Calculating the bounding box of the vertices skinned to the bone should give a reasonable result, but it may be slightly too large; character physics can look better if the characters are allowed to interpenetrate just a little, since flesh isn't totally rigid. You might try scaling the generated box down to 90% of its original size, or something like that.
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### #7rouncer

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Posted 08 January 2012 - 07:06 PM

Ah funny! Im doing something almost exactly the same as you are in my engine, and yes, I use my ragdolls for collision detection too.
you used to be able to fit a game on a disk, then you used to be able to fit a game on a cd, then you used to be able to fit a game on a dvd, now you can barely fit one on your harddrive.

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